ScienceDaily Health Headlines
for Thursday, September 1, 2011
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How white blood cell promotes growth and spread of cancer (September 1, 2011) -- Scientists have shown that a particular white blood cell plays a direct role in the development and spread of cancerous tumors. ... > full story
Commonly used defibrillators raise risk of problems, study suggests (September 1, 2011) -- With defibrillators, simpler may be better, according to a new study. The group reviewed more than 100,000 records of cardiac patients. They found that there was more chance of surgical problems and death with devices that require electrical leads to be attached to two chambers of the heart compared to those that work on one chamber. ... > full story
Bullying: How do victims respond to bullies and why? (September 1, 2011) -- Many wonder why bullies bully, but a new study looks at the other side of the equation: How do children respond to bullying and why? The answer, researchers say, may lead to more effective interventions to reduce the negative consequences -- and perhaps even the frequency -- of bullying. ... > full story
Brain grows while body starves if growth is restricted before birth (September 1, 2011) -- When developing babies are growth restricted in the womb, they are typically born with heads that are large relative to their bodies. The growing brain is protected at the expense of other, less critical organs. Now, researchers unearth new molecular evidence that explains just how the brain is spared. ... > full story
Computer model for testing heart-disease drugs: Simulations solve decades-old mystery of failed anti-arrhythmia therapy (September 1, 2011) -- Researchers have developed an accurate computer model to test the effects of medications for arrhythmia, or abnormal heart rhythm, before they are used in patients. ... > full story
Anxiety interferes with some children's capacity to form friendships (September 1, 2011) -- Socially withdrawn children, who have less contact with peers, may miss out on the support that friendships provide. In a new study about the peer relationships of almost 2,500 fifth-graders who are socially withdrawn in different ways and those who aren't withdrawn, researchers have found that withdrawn children who can be described as "anxious-solitary" differ considerably in their relationships with peers, compared to other withdrawn children and children who aren't withdrawn. ... > full story
World's largest cardiac arrest trial suggests longer initial paramedic CPR provides no benefit (August 31, 2011) -- A study involving nearly 10,000 cardiac arrest patients from 10 North American regions has shown that extending the period of initial cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by paramedics and firefighters from one to three minutes provides no benefit. The study resolves a worldwide controversy about cardiac arrest care. ... > full story
New bacterium found causing tick-borne illness ehrlichiosis in Wisconsin and Minnesota (August 31, 2011) -- A new tick-borne bacterium infecting humans with ehrlichiosis has been discovered in Wisconsin and Minnesota. Experts say the new species from the Ehrlichia genus can cause a feverish illness in humans. The new bacterium, not yet named, has been identified in more than 25 people and found in black-legged ticks, also known as deer ticks (Ixodes scapularis), in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Researchers used culture and genetic analyses. ... > full story
Mother-son ties change over time, influence teen boys' behavior (August 31, 2011) -- In a new longitudinal study of 265 mother-son pairs from low-income families in Pittsburgh, Pa., researchers found that mothers of boys who had a difficult temperament when they were toddlers reported that their relationships with the boys included a lot of conflict and lower levels of closeness over time. They also found that boys who experienced a lot of conflict with their mothers were more likely to engage in delinquent behavior as teens. ... > full story
Smoking after menopause may increase sex hormone levels: Elevated sex hormone levels associated with chronic disease risk (August 31, 2011) -- A recent study found that postmenopausal women who smoke have higher androgen and estrogen levels than non-smoking women, with sex hormone levels being highest in heavy smokers. ... > full story
Wakeup call for college students: New research finds you need to catch more Z's (August 31, 2011) -- A new study finds that college students are spending too much time burning the midnight oil and not enough time gaining the sleep that will benefit their ability to learn. ... > full story
Aerobic exercise bests resistance training at burning belly fat (August 31, 2011) -- Aerobic exercise is your best bet when it comes to losing that dreaded belly fat, a new study finds. When researchers conducted a head-to-head comparison of aerobic exercise, resistance training, and a combination of the two, they found aerobic exercise to be the most efficient and most effective way to lose the belly fat that's most damaging to your health. ... > full story
Scientists reveal new survival mechanism for neurons (August 31, 2011) -- Nerve cells that regulate everything from heart muscle to salivary glands send out projections known as axons to their targets. By way of these axonal processes, neurons control target function and receive molecular signals from targets that return to the cell body to support cell survival. Now, researchers have revealed a molecular mechanism that allows a signal from the target to return to the cell body and fulfill its neuron-sustaining mission. ... > full story
Hot flashes may be fewer in older, heavier women (August 31, 2011) -- A recent study found that among women aged 60 and above, heavier women have fewer hot flashes than their leaner counterparts. The inverse association between body size and hot flashes was observed only among the older women. ... > full story
Sandfly saliva provides important clues for new Leishmaniasis treatments (August 31, 2011) -- For millions threatened with Leishmania infection, new research points to breakthroughs preventing these parasites from taking hold in the body or reducing the severity of infections. A new report shows specific molecules found in saliva of the sandfly allow for Leishmania to evade neutrophils and live within human hosts. Along with providing new targets for drug development, this discovery may help doctors accurately gauge the severity of infections. ... > full story
New tests for dangerous 'legal marijuana,' 'bath salts' and other emerging designer drugs (August 31, 2011) -- Scientists report the development of much needed new tests to help cope with a wave of deaths, emergency room visits and other problems from a new genre of dangerous designer drugs sold legally in stores and online that mimic the effects of cocaine, ecstasy and marijuana. ... > full story
Genetic variation found to protect against Parkinson's disease (August 31, 2011) -- Neuroscientists have found a genetic variation they say protects against Parkinson's disease. The study also reports the discovery of different variants of the same gene, LRRK2 -- the most important Parkinson's risk gene found to date -- that double Parkinson's risk in Caucasians and Asians. ... > full story
Putting the squeeze on fruit with 'pascalization' boosts healthful antioxidant levels (August 31, 2011) -- Scientists are reporting new evidence that a century-old food preservation technology, finding a new life amid 21st-century concerns about food safety and nutrition, more than doubles the levels of certain healthful natural antioxidants in fruit. The effect occurs as a bonus in addition to its effects in killing harmful bacteria, viruses and mold in food. ... > full story
Faulty signaling in brain increases craving for sugar and drugs (August 31, 2011) -- When glutamate and dopamine do not collaborate as they should in the brain's signal system, the kick that alcohol, sugar, or other drugs induce increases. This provides a key piece of the puzzle about the mechanisms behind both substance abuse and obesity. ... > full story
New way to disarm malaria parasite (August 31, 2011) -- A novel technique to "tame" the malaria parasite, by forcing it to depend on an external supply of a vital chemical, has been developed. The scientists have, in effect, created a domesticated strain of Plasmodium -- the one-celled parasite that causes malaria -- that would no longer cause this dreaded disease. ... > full story
Viruses in the human gut show dynamic response to diet (August 31, 2011) -- The digestive system is home to a myriad of viruses, but how they are involved in health and disease is poorly understood. Researchers have now investigated the dynamics of virus populations in the human gut, shedding new light on the gut "virome" and how it differs between people and responds to changes in diet. ... > full story
How couples' collaborative dialogue may assist in a spouse's memory (August 31, 2011) -- Effective memory is a key ability for independent living in later life, and a new study is among the first to report that social partners can help extend memory. The study also found that the collaboration that helps middle-aged couples with memory tasks doesn't seem to be as effective for couples older than 70. ... > full story
Vitamin C may be beneficial for asthmatic children, study suggests (August 31, 2011) -- Depending on the age of asthmatic children, on their exposure to molds or dampness in their bedroom, and on the severity of their asthma, vitamin C has greater or smaller beneficial effect against asthma, according to a recent study. ... > full story
Simple blood test at optician's office could help to diagnose diabetes (August 31, 2011) -- A simple finger prick test during routine eye examinations at high street opticians could help to identify millions of people with previously undiagnosed type 2 diabetes, according to new research. ... > full story
Ability to remember memories' origin not fully developed in youths (August 31, 2011) -- During childhood and adolescence, children develop the ability to remember not only past events but the origin of those memories. New research finds that the ability to remember the origin of memories is a relatively long process that matures during adolescence but isn't fully developed until adulthood. This study included 18 children, 20 adolescents, and 20 young adults, all of whom completed a two-part computer-based memory task developed by the researchers. ... > full story
Memory fitness program improves memory abilities of oldest adults (August 31, 2011) -- A new study has found that a memory fitness program offered to older adults in their senior living communities helped improve their ability to recognize and recall words, benefiting their verbal learning and retention. ... > full story
Balloon pump use prior to angioplasty does not reduce heart muscle damage, study shows (August 31, 2011) -- Inserting intra-aortic balloon pumps prior to angioplasty in patients with acute myocardial infarction does not reduce the scope of heart muscle damage, a condition referred to as infarct size, according to a new study. ... > full story
Mobile phone data help track populations during disasters (August 31, 2011) -- Mobile phone positioning data can be used to monitor population movements during disasters and outbreaks, according to a new study. The study finds that reports on the location of populations affected and in need of assistance can be generated within hours of receiving data. ... > full story
Death rates in newborns remain shockingly high in Africa and India (August 31, 2011) -- Neonatal mortality -- deaths in newborns, aged 3 weeks and under -- has declined in all regions of the world over the past two decades but in 2009, more than half of all neonatal deaths occurred in five countries -- India, Nigeria, Pakistan, China and the Democratic Republic of Congo. ... > full story
Malaria discovery gives hope for new drugs and vaccines (August 31, 2011) -- An investigation into the mysterious inner workings of the malaria parasite has revealed that it survives and proliferates in the human bloodstream thanks in part to a single, crucial chemical that the parasite produces internally. ... > full story
'Pink ribbon dollars' help fill financial gaps for breast cancer programs (August 31, 2011) -- A new study shows that donations collected by check boxes on state income tax forms, fees from license plates and revenue from state lottery tickets have raised millions for breast cancer research and prevention programs across the country. ... > full story
Guidelines for treating pneumonia in children (August 31, 2011) -- Immunizations, including a yearly flu vaccine, are the best way to protect children from life-threatening pneumonia, according to new guidelines. ... > full story
Six new genetic variants linked to type 2 diabetes discovered in South Asians (August 30, 2011) -- Scientists have identified six new genetic variants associated with type 2 diabetes in South Asians. ... > full story
More questions than answers remain concerning effects of airplane travel on insulin pump delivery (August 30, 2011) -- Despite recent concerns that changes in atmospheric pressure during airplane travel may affect the amount of insulin delivered via pump devices, the current evidence is limited and it would be unwise to overreact until more data are available, according to an editorial. ... > full story
From mild-mannered to killer: Study explains plague's rapid evolution and sheds light on fighting deadly diseases (August 30, 2011) -- How did a bacterium that causes mild stomach irritation rapidly evolve into a deadly assassin responsible for the most devastating pandemics in human history? New DNA sequencing techniques reveal how Yersinia pseudotuberculosis became Yersinia pestis, otherwise know as the plague. The new study offers a glimpse into how the new technology might aid in the development of drugs to fight deadly diseases, including the plague. ... > full story
Green tea is effective in treating genetic disorder and types of tumors, study suggests (August 30, 2011) -- A compound found in green tea shows great promise for the development of drugs to treat two types of tumors and a deadly congenital disease. ... > full story
Location, location, location: Study shows the middle is the place to be (August 30, 2011) -- Choice is a central tenet of a free society. From the brand of cereal we eat for breakfast, to the answers we give on a survey, or the people we select to be our leaders, we frequently define ourselves by the choices we make. Yet a recent study suggests that there are factors that can significantly influence our free will without us even knowing it. ... > full story
Natural anti-oxidant deserts aging body: Cell’s reserve fighting force shrinks with age, new study finds (August 30, 2011) -- A new study of human cells finds that mitochondria, energy plants of cells, are more vulnerable in senescent cells due to impaired function of an anti-oxidant enzyme. ... > full story
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