ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines
for Thursday, July 21, 2011
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Gene therapy to reverse heart failure ready for clinical trials; Therapeutic effectiveness and safety of 'next great thing in heart failure' demonstrated (July 21, 2011) -- A promising gene therapy developed to prevent and reverse congestive heart failure is on the verge of clinical trials, after years of proving itself highly effective in the lab and a large animal study. ... > full story
Animal model sheds light on rare genetic disorder, signaling pathway (July 21, 2011) -- Scientists have developed a mouse model of focal dermal hypoplasia, a rare human birth defect that causes serious skin abnormalities and other medical problems. This animal model not only provides insight into studying the cause of focal dermal hypoplasia (FDH), but also offers a novel way to study a signaling pathway that is crucial for embryonic development. ... > full story
Fast prediction of axon behavior: Computer modeling method may lead to more accurate and capable electrodes to stimulate nerves (July 21, 2011) -- Researchers have developed a computer modeling method to accurately predict how a peripheral nerve axon responds to electrical stimuli, slashing the complex work from an inhibitory weeks-long process to just a few seconds. ... > full story
Health gains from multiple sclerosis drugs come at a high price, study finds (July 21, 2011) -- A new study shows that the health gains associated with a category of medications commonly used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) -- know as disease modifying drugs -- come at a very high cost when compared to therapies that address the symptoms of MS and treatments for other chronic diseases. ... > full story
Genetic map of African-Americans to aid study of diseases, human evolution (July 21, 2011) -- A group of researchers has constructed the world's most detailed genetic map, a tool scientists can use to better understand the roots of disease and how DNA is passed generationally to create diversity in the human species. Almost every prior genetic map was developed in people of European ancestry. The new map is the first built in African-Americans. ... > full story
New breast cancer drug: Promising results of PI3K inhibitor study (July 21, 2011) -- A new drug targeting the PI3K gene in patients with advanced breast cancer shows promising results in an early phase I investigational study, according to a recent presentation. ... > full story
Disputes over content of Wikipedia articles reflect a country’s geopolitical instability, study finds (July 21, 2011) -- Disputes over the content of articles in the internet encyclopaedia Wikipedia can serve as an indicator for the political stability of a country. This was proposed based on a “Wikipedia Dispute Index” developed by researchers in Germany. This index measures the frequency of pages linked to a country that are disputed by users of the online encyclopaedia. The ranking of countries based on this index is similar to other, much more complex indices relating, for example, to governance or the economy. To calculate the index, the scientists used methods similar to those applied to biological networks and applied them to the cross-linked information in Wikipedia. ... > full story
E-cigarette or drug delivery device? Questions about safety, usage and future implications of new nicotine delivery products (July 21, 2011) -- Devices marketed as "electronic cigarettes" are in reality crude drug delivery systems for refined nicotine, posing unknown risks with little new benefits to smokers, according to tobacco control experts. In a new article, researchers explore the current regulatory climate around "e-cigarettes" and their safety. They also question future implications for physicians, policy makers and e-cigarette users. ... > full story
As new data wave begins, a gene study in one disease reveals mutations in an unrelated disease (July 20, 2011) -- Researchers seeking rare gene variants in just a few individuals with ADHD discovered that one patient had a novel combination of two mutations. Those mutations caused an unrelated disease, the blood disorder idiopathic hemolytic anemia. That unexpected result may herald an oncoming wave of new findings from improved gene-searching tools, with implications for researchers about how to best return such information to their research subjects. ... > full story
EHEC 2011 outbreak: Scientists publish prospective genomic characterization (July 20, 2011) -- Scientists have released a draft genome sequence of a German enterohemorrhagic E. coli 2011 outbreak strain, and now report on an in-depth genomic characterization of this outbreak. ... > full story
Technology to throw new light on ancient artifacts (July 20, 2011) -- New technology which makes it possible to study the finer details of some of the world’s greatest historical artifacts has been developed by computer scientists and archaeologists. ... > full story
Work engagement, job satisfaction, and productivity: They're a virtuous cycle (July 20, 2011) -- Engaged workers -- those who approach their work with energy, dedication, and focus -- are more open to new information, more productive, and more willing to go the extra mile. Moreover, engaged workers take the initiative to change their work environments in order to stay engaged. ... > full story
Cancer drugs may help treatment of schizophrenia (July 20, 2011) -- Researchers have revealed the molecular pathway that is affected during the onset of schizophrenia and successfully alleviated symptoms of the illness in mice, using a commonly used cancer drug. ... > full story
Gene required to maintain male sex throughout life discovered: Loss of gene Dmrt1 leads to male cells becoming female (July 20, 2011) -- Researchers have made a key discovery showing that male sex must be maintained throughout life. Removing an important male development gene, called Dmrt1, causes male cells in mouse testis to become female cells. ... > full story
Team sports: For kids, it's more than just a game (July 20, 2011) -- A cohesive team environment, assessing one's own performance rather than comparing with others, and involvement in enjoyably challenging practices are the main conditions needed for children to have a positive developmental experience playing team sports. ... > full story
Newly designed molecule blocks chlamydia bacteria (July 20, 2011) -- Researchers have discovered a way to block the damaging actions of Chlamydia, the bacteria responsible for the largest number of sexually transmitted infections in the United States. ... > full story
Improved method to create induced pluripotent stem cells (July 20, 2011) -- Researchers have developed a new strategy to improve the development of induced pluripotent stem cells. Researchers found that by fusing two proteins – a master stem cell regulator (Oct4) and a fragment of a muscle cell inducer (MyoD) – they succeeded in "powering up" the stem cell regulator, which can dramatically improve the efficiency and purity of reprogrammed iPS cells. ... > full story
Inherited Alzheimer's detectable 20 years before dementia (July 20, 2011) -- Inherited forms of Alzheimer's disease may be detectable as many as 20 years before problems with memory and thinking develop, scientists report. ... > full story
Household smoke increases severity of bronchiolitis in babies (July 20, 2011) -- A new study has found that babies admitted to hospital with bronchiolitis from a household where a parent smokes are twice as likely to need oxygen therapy and five times as likely to need mechanical ventilation as babies whose parents do not smoke. ... > full story
Environmental pollutants lurk long after they 'disappear' (July 20, 2011) -- Scientists say that current environmental tests look for specific drugs -- but these drugs break down into other chemicals through sun exposure or oxidation. In their new and equally lethal forms, they don't show up in tests, so they pose a hidden threat. ... > full story
Experimental drug raises 'good' cholesterol, may help control diabetes (July 20, 2011) -- An experimental cholesterol drug improved blood sugar control in diabetic patients on statins, a new study shows. The drug raises levels of "good" cholesterol and may help lower cardiovascular disease risk in people with diabetes. ... > full story
Possible drug targets for common non-Hodgkin's lymphoma discovered (July 20, 2011) -- Researchers have discovered a novel interaction between two proteins involved in regulating cell growth that could provide possible new drug targets for treating diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, the most common type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, according to a new study. The scientists report that they have found a complex relationship between ERK, a protein that helps to regulate cell survival, and CHK2, a protein involved in the cellular DNA damage response. ... > full story
Time and numbers mix together in the brain (July 20, 2011) -- Clocks tell time in numbers -- and so do our minds, according to a new study. In two experiments, scientists found that people associate small numbers with short time intervals and large numbers with longer intervals -- suggesting that these two systems are linked in the brain. ... > full story
Vegetarian diet may protect against common bowel disorder (July 20, 2011) -- Vegetarians are a third less likely to get a common bowel disorder (diverticular disease) than their meat eating counterparts, finds a new study. ... > full story
Standard three-drug H. pylori therapy beats newer four-drug regimens in Latin America study (July 20, 2011) -- Clinical trials in Europe and Asia were thought to have pinpointed the best treatment regimen to eradicate the H. pylori bug, an important cause of peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. New results from a large study in Latin America turn those findings on their head, suggesting different populations need different therapies. ... > full story
Informed-consent forms should be shortened, simplified, bioethicists say (July 20, 2011) -- An in-depth review of consent forms provided to volunteers for HIV/AIDS research in the United States and abroad about study procedures, risks and benefits has found that the forms were extremely long and used wording that may have been complex enough to hinder full understanding, according to bioethicists. ... > full story
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