ScienceDaily Health Headlines
for Friday, December 16, 2011
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How cells limit inflammation in lung injury (December 16, 2011) -- Researchers have found in an animal model of acute lung injury a molecular mechanism that allows cells of the immune system to reduce tissue damage from inflammation. ... > full story
New research could lead to enhanced MRI scans (December 16, 2011) -- New research could lead to enhanced MRI scans, producing brighter and more precise images, and potentially allowing the detection of cancerous cells before they cause health problems. ... > full story
Patient isolation associated with hospital delirium (December 16, 2011) -- A new study finds that patients who are moved into isolation during a hospital stay are nearly twice as likely to develop delirium, a potentially dangerous change in mental status that often affects hospital patients. Patients who began their stay in isolation were not at increased risk. ... > full story
Less blood clot damage with extra treatment, research suggests (December 16, 2011) -- Pain, swelling, itching, eczema and venous ulcers are characteristic signs of post-thrombotic syndrome, a condition developed by roughly half the patients who have experienced serious deep vein thrombosis, or blood clots in the leg. It has been demonstrated for the first time that a treatment to dissolve blood clots prevented such complications in a substantial number of patients. The treatment is called catheter-directed thrombolytic therapy. ... > full story
Researchers identify genetic mutation responsible for most cases of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (December 16, 2011) -- Scientists have identified a gene mutation that underlies the vast majority of cases of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, a rare form of lymphoma that has eluded all previous efforts to find a genetic cause. ... > full story
Report on human subjects protection (December 16, 2011) -- The Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues has issued its report concerning U.S. federally sponsored research involving human volunteers, concluding that current rules and regulations provide adequate safeguards to mitigate risk. ... > full story
Alzheimer's/Parkinson's: Unexpected signaling role for foul-smelling hydrogen sulfide in cell response to protein misfolding (December 15, 2011) -- Scientists have discovered hydrogen sulfide -- the flammable, toxic gas associated with the smell of rotten eggs in landfills -- helps regulate a signaling pathway implicated in biological malfunctions linked to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, among others. ... > full story
New study shows promise for preventing preterm births (December 15, 2011) -- A new study has found that applying vaginal progesterone to women who are at a high risk of preterm birth significantly decreased the odds of a premature delivery. ... > full story
Oral bacteria enables breaking bond on blood vessels to allow invaders in (December 15, 2011) -- A common oral bacteria, Fusobacterium nucleatum, acts like a key to open a door in human blood vessels and leads the way for it and other bacteria like Escherichia coli to invade the body through the blood and make people sick, according to dental researchers. ... > full story
Cancer from fetal exposure to carcinogens depends on dose, timing (December 15, 2011) -- The cancer-causing potential of fetal exposure to carcinogens can vary substantially, causing different types of problems much later in life depending on the stage of pregnancy when the fetus is exposed. The research sheds further light on the way in which toxic damage early in life can later manifest itself as cancer, due to "epigenetic" changes in cells. ... > full story
Teaching children with autism to imitate others may improve social skills (December 15, 2011) -- Teaching young children with autism to imitate others may improve a broader range of social skills, according to a new study. ... > full story
Scientists discover second-oldest gene mutation (December 15, 2011) -- A new study has identified a gene mutation that researchers estimate dates back to 11,600 B.C., making it the second oldest human disease mutation known. The mutation was described in people of Arabic, Turkish and Jewish ancestry. It causes a rare, inherited vitamin B12 deficiency. The mutation originated in a single, prehistoric individual and was passed down to that individual's descendants. The discovery should permit reliable genetic diagnosis of suspected cases of Imerslund-Gräsbeck Syndrome. ... > full story
Report recommends stringent limits on use of chimpanzees in biomedical and behavioral research (December 15, 2011) -- Given that chimpanzees are so closely related to humans and share similar behavioral traits, the U.S. National Institutes of Health should allow their use as subjects in biomedical research only under stringent conditions, including the absence of any other suitable model and inability to ethically perform the research on people, says a new report from the Institute of Medicine. ... > full story
What makes solo terrorists tick? (December 15, 2011) -- The double terrorist attack in Norway last July, which claimed 77 lives, has moved violent acts committed by single individuals up the political, media and now research agendas. Known as "lone wolf terrorism," these acts are carried out independently of established terrorist organizations. ... > full story
Ultraviolet rays believed to prevent chickenpox spreading (December 15, 2011) -- Ultraviolet rays help prevent the spread of chickenpox, meaning people in milder climates are more at risk of catching the disease, according to new research. The discovery could lead to new ways of preventing chickenpox and its more severe relative, shingles. ... > full story
Caffeine study shows sport performance increase (December 15, 2011) -- Caffeine combined with carbohydrate could be used to help athletes perform better on the field, according to new research. ... > full story
Magnetic stimulation of brain may help some stroke patients recover (December 15, 2011) -- Imagine waking up and being unable to see or recognize anything on the left side of your body. This condition, called hemispatial neglect, is common after a stroke that occurs on the right side of the brain. The current treatment of attention and concentration training using computer and pencil-and-paper tasks is inadequate. ... > full story
Brain's failure to appreciate others may permit human atrocities (December 15, 2011) -- It may be that a person can become callous enough to commit human atrocities because of a failure in the part of the brain that's critical for social interaction. A new study suggests this function may disengage when people encounter others they consider disgusting. ... > full story
Healing serious bone injuries faster than ever before (December 15, 2011) -- A human-made package filled with nature's bone-building ingredients delivers the goods over time and space to heal serious bone injuries faster than products currently available, researchers have found. ... > full story
Microbial contamination found in orange juice squeezed in bars and restaurants, Spanish study suggests (December 15, 2011) -- Scientists have analyzed fresh orange juice squeezed by machines in catering establishments. They have confirmed that 43% of samples exceeded the acceptable enterobacteriaceae levels laid down by legislation. The researchers recommend that oranges are handled correctly, that juicers are washed properly and that the orange juice is served immediately rather than being stored in metal jugs. ... > full story
Antioxidant has potential in the Alzheimer's fight (December 15, 2011) -- A new study has shown that an antioxidant can delay the onset of all the indicators of Alzheimer's disease, including cognitive decline. The researchers administered an antioxidant compound called MitoQ to mice genetically engineered to develop Alzheimer's. ... > full story
Engineering cartilage replacements (December 15, 2011) -- Self-assembling sheets of mesenchymal stem cells permeated with tiny beads filled with growth factor formed thicker, stiffer cartilage than previous tissue engineering methods, researchers have found. This step toward implantable replacement cartilage, holds promise for damaged joints, ears and noses. ... > full story
Why does stating your intention lead you to purchase your favorite brand? (December 15, 2011) -- If you say you're going to buy something, you're more likely to do it. But why is that? According to a new study, stating an intention leads consumers to action -- and makes them more likely to purchase their preferred brands. ... > full story
Human proteins that may fuel HIV/AIDS transmission identified (December 15, 2011) -- Scientists have discovered new protein fragments in semen that enhance the ability of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, to infect new cells -- a discovery that one day could help curb the global spread of this deadly pathogen. ... > full story
Is obesity a ciliopathy, triggered by malfunctioning primary cilia? (December 15, 2011) -- Is obesity a ciliopathy, a disorder such as polycystic kidney disease (PKD), which is triggered by a defect in the microscopic hair-like cilia that protrude from virtually every cell of humans and other vertebrates? Researchers report that mutations in primary cilia may scramble signaling pathways in the hypothalamus, the appetite-regulating region of the brain, and trigger chronic obesity. ... > full story
Scientists elevate little-studied cellular mechanism to potential drug target (December 14, 2011) -- For years, science has generally considered the phosphorylation of proteins -- the insertion of a phosphorus group into a protein that turns it on or off -- as perhaps the factor regulating a range of cellular processes from cell metabolism to programmed cell death. ... > full story
'Pep talk' can revive immune cells exhausted by chronic viral infection (December 14, 2011) -- Chronic infections by viruses such as HIV or hepatitis C eventually take hold because they wear the immune system out, a phenomenon immunologists describe as exhaustion. Yet exhausted immune cells can be revived after the introduction of fresh cells that act like coaches giving a pep talk, researchers have found. ... > full story
Do consumers prefer brands that appear on their Facebook pages? (December 14, 2011) -- You are likely to identify with a brand that advertises alongside your personal information on a Facebook page (especially if you have high self-esteem), according to a new study. The same ad will have less impact if you view it on a stranger's page. ... > full story
Heart drug may be effective for managing certain cancers, study suggests (December 14, 2011) -- Researchers have identified a new mechanism that could potentially explain why the body's immune system sometimes fails to eliminate cancer. The new findings shed light on the possible cause of immune resistance in cancer cells, and indicate that nitroglycerin, a relatively safe and low-cost drug used for more than a century to treat angina, may be effective for managing certain cancers. ... > full story
Early research on cellphone conversations likely overestimated crash risk, study suggests (December 14, 2011) -- A new study suggests that two influential early studies of cellphone use and crash risk may have overestimated the relative risk of conversation on cellphones while driving. ... > full story
Brain-heart link may explain sudden death in Rett syndrome (December 14, 2011) -- Poets might scoff at the notion that heart and brain are closely related, but scientists say a genetic defect that affects the brain can stop a heart. In a new study, researchers found that heart problems that occur in nearly 20 percent of children with Rett syndrome, a neurological disorder, originate because the Rett gene is lost in nerve cells -- not in heart muscle cells. ... > full story
Simple test to help diagnose bowel and pancreatic cancer could save thousands of lives (December 14, 2011) -- A simple online calculator could offer family GPs a powerful new tool in tackling two of the most deadly forms of cancer, say researchers. ... > full story
Cigarette and alcohol use at historic low among teens (December 14, 2011) -- Cigarette and alcohol use by eighth, 10th and 12th-graders are at their lowest point since the Monitoring the Future survey began polling teenagers in 1975, according to this year's survey results. However, this positive news is tempered by a slowing rate of decline in teen smoking as well as continued high rates of abuse of other tobacco products (e.g., hookahs, small cigars, smokeless tobacco), marijuana and prescription drugs. ... > full story
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