ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines
for Friday, December 16, 2011
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How cells limit inflammation in lung injury (December 16, 2011) -- Researchers have found in an animal model of acute lung injury a molecular mechanism that allows cells of the immune system to reduce tissue damage from inflammation. ... > full story
New research could lead to enhanced MRI scans (December 16, 2011) -- New research could lead to enhanced MRI scans, producing brighter and more precise images, and potentially allowing the detection of cancerous cells before they cause health problems. ... > full story
Patient isolation associated with hospital delirium (December 16, 2011) -- A new study finds that patients who are moved into isolation during a hospital stay are nearly twice as likely to develop delirium, a potentially dangerous change in mental status that often affects hospital patients. Patients who began their stay in isolation were not at increased risk. ... > full story
Less blood clot damage with extra treatment, research suggests (December 16, 2011) -- Pain, swelling, itching, eczema and venous ulcers are characteristic signs of post-thrombotic syndrome, a condition developed by roughly half the patients who have experienced serious deep vein thrombosis, or blood clots in the leg. It has been demonstrated for the first time that a treatment to dissolve blood clots prevented such complications in a substantial number of patients. The treatment is called catheter-directed thrombolytic therapy. ... > full story
Researchers identify genetic mutation responsible for most cases of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (December 16, 2011) -- Scientists have identified a gene mutation that underlies the vast majority of cases of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, a rare form of lymphoma that has eluded all previous efforts to find a genetic cause. ... > full story
Global forests are overlooked as water suppliers, study shows (December 16, 2011) -- The forests of the world supply a significant amount of moisture that creates rain. A new study reveals how this important contribution of forests to the hydrologic cycle is often overlooked in water resource policy, such as that of the EU. ... > full story
Report on human subjects protection (December 16, 2011) -- The Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues has issued its report concerning U.S. federally sponsored research involving human volunteers, concluding that current rules and regulations provide adequate safeguards to mitigate risk. ... > full story
Alzheimer's/Parkinson's: Unexpected signaling role for foul-smelling hydrogen sulfide in cell response to protein misfolding (December 15, 2011) -- Scientists have discovered hydrogen sulfide -- the flammable, toxic gas associated with the smell of rotten eggs in landfills -- helps regulate a signaling pathway implicated in biological malfunctions linked to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, among others. ... > full story
New study shows promise for preventing preterm births (December 15, 2011) -- A new study has found that applying vaginal progesterone to women who are at a high risk of preterm birth significantly decreased the odds of a premature delivery. ... > full story
'Smart Connector' could save millions in lost revenue (December 15, 2011) -- Researchers have developed the Smart Connector, a new sensor that once installed in the connecting units of coaxial cables can provide information about equipment damage and pinpoint the exact location through self-diagnosing technologies -- some of the most advanced in the field today. ... > full story
Oral bacteria enables breaking bond on blood vessels to allow invaders in (December 15, 2011) -- A common oral bacteria, Fusobacterium nucleatum, acts like a key to open a door in human blood vessels and leads the way for it and other bacteria like Escherichia coli to invade the body through the blood and make people sick, according to dental researchers. ... > full story
Cancer from fetal exposure to carcinogens depends on dose, timing (December 15, 2011) -- The cancer-causing potential of fetal exposure to carcinogens can vary substantially, causing different types of problems much later in life depending on the stage of pregnancy when the fetus is exposed. The research sheds further light on the way in which toxic damage early in life can later manifest itself as cancer, due to "epigenetic" changes in cells. ... > full story
Teaching children with autism to imitate others may improve social skills (December 15, 2011) -- Teaching young children with autism to imitate others may improve a broader range of social skills, according to a new study. ... > full story
Scientists discover second-oldest gene mutation (December 15, 2011) -- A new study has identified a gene mutation that researchers estimate dates back to 11,600 B.C., making it the second oldest human disease mutation known. The mutation was described in people of Arabic, Turkish and Jewish ancestry. It causes a rare, inherited vitamin B12 deficiency. The mutation originated in a single, prehistoric individual and was passed down to that individual's descendants. The discovery should permit reliable genetic diagnosis of suspected cases of Imerslund-Gräsbeck Syndrome. ... > full story
Report recommends stringent limits on use of chimpanzees in biomedical and behavioral research (December 15, 2011) -- Given that chimpanzees are so closely related to humans and share similar behavioral traits, the U.S. National Institutes of Health should allow their use as subjects in biomedical research only under stringent conditions, including the absence of any other suitable model and inability to ethically perform the research on people, says a new report from the Institute of Medicine. ... > full story
What makes solo terrorists tick? (December 15, 2011) -- The double terrorist attack in Norway last July, which claimed 77 lives, has moved violent acts committed by single individuals up the political, media and now research agendas. Known as "lone wolf terrorism," these acts are carried out independently of established terrorist organizations. ... > full story
Ultraviolet rays believed to prevent chickenpox spreading (December 15, 2011) -- Ultraviolet rays help prevent the spread of chickenpox, meaning people in milder climates are more at risk of catching the disease, according to new research. The discovery could lead to new ways of preventing chickenpox and its more severe relative, shingles. ... > full story
Caffeine study shows sport performance increase (December 15, 2011) -- Caffeine combined with carbohydrate could be used to help athletes perform better on the field, according to new research. ... > full story
The shadows in a city reveal its energy flow (December 15, 2011) -- Researchers have created "shadow models" and a type of software that calculates the amount of solar radiation that reaches streets and buildings in high resolution. According to new results, they could help to optimize the energy consumption of cities. ... > full story
Magnetic stimulation of brain may help some stroke patients recover (December 15, 2011) -- Imagine waking up and being unable to see or recognize anything on the left side of your body. This condition, called hemispatial neglect, is common after a stroke that occurs on the right side of the brain. The current treatment of attention and concentration training using computer and pencil-and-paper tasks is inadequate. ... > full story
Cotton fabric cleans itself when exposed to ordinary sunlight (December 15, 2011) -- Imagine jeans, sweats or socks that clean and deodorize themselves when hung on a clothesline in the sun or draped on a balcony railing. Scientists are reporting development of a new cotton fabric that does clean itself of stains and bacteria when exposed to ordinary sunlight. ... > full story
Brain's failure to appreciate others may permit human atrocities (December 15, 2011) -- It may be that a person can become callous enough to commit human atrocities because of a failure in the part of the brain that's critical for social interaction. A new study suggests this function may disengage when people encounter others they consider disgusting. ... > full story
Healing serious bone injuries faster than ever before (December 15, 2011) -- A human-made package filled with nature's bone-building ingredients delivers the goods over time and space to heal serious bone injuries faster than products currently available, researchers have found. ... > full story
Microbial contamination found in orange juice squeezed in bars and restaurants, Spanish study suggests (December 15, 2011) -- Scientists have analyzed fresh orange juice squeezed by machines in catering establishments. They have confirmed that 43% of samples exceeded the acceptable enterobacteriaceae levels laid down by legislation. The researchers recommend that oranges are handled correctly, that juicers are washed properly and that the orange juice is served immediately rather than being stored in metal jugs. ... > full story
New test could help track down and prosecute terrorists who use nerve gas and other agents (December 15, 2011) -- Scientists are reporting development of a first-of-its-kind technology that could help law enforcement officials trace the residues from terrorist attacks involving nerve gas and other chemical agents back to the companies or other sources where the perpetrators obtained ingredients for the agent. The technique could eventually help track down perpetrators of chemical attacks. ... > full story
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