ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines
for Friday, December 2, 2011
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When babies awaken: New study shows surprise regarding important hormone level (December 2, 2011) -- Cortisol may be the Swiss Army knife of hormones in the human body -- just when scientists think they understand what it does, another function pops up. While many of these functions are understood for adults, much less is known about how cortisol operates in babies and toddlers, especially when it comes to an important phenomenon called the cortisol awakening response, or CAR. ... > full story
Probiotics effective in combating antibiotic-associated diarrhea, studies find; 'Good bugs' look promising as anti-inflammatory agents (December 2, 2011) -- In four different studies, researchers explored the effectiveness of probiotics for antibiotic-associated diarrhea; as an anti-inflammatory agent for patients with ulcerative colitis, psoriasis and chronic fatigue syndrome; and for people with abdominal discomfort and bloating who have not been diagnosed with a functional bowel disorder, such as irritable bowel syndrome. ... > full story
Some atheist scientists with children embrace religious traditions, according to new research (December 2, 2011) -- Some atheist scientists with children embrace religious traditions for social and personal reasons, according to new research. ... > full story
Not all cellular reprogramming is created equal (December 2, 2011) -- Tweaking the levels of factors used during the reprogramming of adult cells into induced pluriopotent stem (iPS) cells can greatly affect the quality of the resulting iPS cells, according to researchers. This finding explains at least in part the wide variation in quality and fidelity of iPS cells created through different reprogramming methods. ... > full story
Combination therapy shows potent tumor growth inhibition in preclinical studies (December 2, 2011) -- Combining the investigational agents REGN910 and aflibercept yielded statistically significant improvements in antitumor effects in animal models compared with either agent alone, according to recent results. ... > full story
People with dementia less likely to return home after stroke (December 2, 2011) -- New research shows people with dementia who have a stroke are more likely to become disabled and not return home compared to people who didn't have dementia at the time they had a stroke. ... > full story
Adult stem cells use special pathways to repair damaged muscle, researchers find (December 1, 2011) -- Researchers recently found how even distant satellite cells could help with the repair, and are now learning how the stem cells travel within the tissue. This knowledge could ultimately help doctors more effectively treat muscle disorders such as muscular dystrophy, in which the muscle is easily damaged and the patient's satellite cells have lost the ability to repair. ... > full story
Few doctors follow sudden cardiac death screening guidelines for athletes, survey finds (December 1, 2011) -- According to a state survey, fewer than 6 percent of doctors fully follow national guidelines for assessing sudden cardiac death risk during high school sports physicals, researchers report. ... > full story
Controlled disorder: Scientists find way to form random molecular patterns (December 1, 2011) -- Scientists have discovered a way to control how tiny flat molecules fit together in a seemingly random pattern. ... > full story
Nursing error disclosure in nursing homes examined in new study (December 1, 2011) -- In a new study, researchers found the majority of registered nurse respondents reported error disclosure and responding to be a difficult process in their workplaces. The study has implications to improve nursing education, policy, and patient safety culture in the nursing home setting. ... > full story
Lower antioxidant level might explain higher skin-cancer rate in males (December 1, 2011) -- A new study may help explain why men are three times more likely than women to develop a common form of skin cancer. The study found that male mice had lower levels of an important skin antioxidant than female mice and higher levels of certain cancer-linked inflammatory cells. As a result, men may be more susceptible to oxidative stress in the skin, which may raise their risk of skin cancer compared to women. ... > full story
China's demand for oil will equal US demand by 2040, study predicts (December 1, 2011) -- Despite aggressive demand-management policies announced in recent years, China's oil use could easily reach levels comparable to today's US levels by 2040, according to a new energy study. ... > full story
Low vitamin C levels may raise heart failure patients' risk (December 1, 2011) -- Low levels of vitamin C were associated with higher levels of high sensitivity C-Reactive protein and shorter intervals without major cardiac issues or death for heart failure patients, in recent research. ... > full story
Researchers' new recipe cooks up better tissue 'phantoms' (December 1, 2011) -- The precise blending of tiny particles and multicolor dyes transforms gelatin into a realistic surrogate for human tissue. These tissue mimics, known as "phantoms," provide an accurate proving ground for new photoacoustic and ultrasonic imaging technologies. ... > full story
Two out of three medical students do not know when to wash their hands (December 1, 2011) -- Only 21 percent of surveyed medical students could identify five true and two false indications of when and when not to wash their hands in the clinical setting, according to a new study. ... > full story
Cancer cells' DNA repair disrupted to increase radiation sensitivity (December 1, 2011) -- Shortening end caps on chromosomes in human cervical cancer cells disrupts DNA repair signaling, increases the cells' sensitivity to radiation treatment and kills them more quickly, according to a new study. Researchers would to like see their laboratory findings lead to safer, more effective combination therapies for hard-to-treat pediatric brain cancers. To this end, they are starting laboratory tests on brain cancer cells. ... > full story
Children with HIV/AIDS falling through the cracks of treatment scale-up efforts (December 1, 2011) -- Less than one-quarter (23 percent) of children with HIV/AIDS who need treatment are getting it, according to a new report. Although treatment coverage for adults has been steadily climbing and has now reached approximately half of those in need, coverage for children is lagging far behind. ... > full story
Your abusive boss may not be good for your marriage, according to new study (December 1, 2011) -- Having an abusive boss not only causes problems at work but can lead to strained relationships at home, according to a new study. The study found that stress and tension caused by an abusive boss have an impact on the employee's partner, which affects the marital relationship and subsequently the employee's entire family. ... > full story
Early sign of Alzheimer's reversed in lab (December 1, 2011) -- One of the earliest known impairments caused by Alzheimer's disease -- loss of sense of smell -- can be restored by removing a plaque-forming protein in a mouse model of the disease, a new study shows. The study confirms that the protein, called amyloid beta, causes the loss. ... > full story
Growth hormone increases bone formation in obese women (December 1, 2011) -- In a new study, growth hormone replacement for six months was found to increase bone formation in abdominally obese women. ... > full story
Why evolutionarily ancient brain areas are important (December 1, 2011) -- Structures in the midbrain that developed early in evolution can be responsible for functions in newborns which in adults are taken over by the cerebral cortex. New evidence for this theory has been found in the visual system of monkeys. The scientists studied a reflex that stabilizes the image of a moving scene on the retina to prevent blur, the so-termed optokinetic nystagmus. ... > full story
Gelatin-based nanoparticle treatment may be a more effective clot buster (December 1, 2011) -- A targeted, nanoparticle gelatin-based clot-busting treatment dissolved significantly more blood clots than a currently used drug in an animal study of acute coronary syndrome. ... > full story
Using radiation to sterilize insect pests may protect California fruits and vegetables (December 1, 2011) -- A new study shows that radiation can be used to effectively sterilize the light brown apple moth, an invasive pest to the California wine industry, as well as fruit and vegetable growers. ... > full story
New research distinguishes roles of conscious and sub-conscious awareness in information processing (December 1, 2011) -- What distinguishes information processing with conscious awareness from processing occurring without awareness? And, is there any role for conscious awareness in information processing, or is it just a byproduct, like the steam from the chimney of a train engine, which is significant, but has no functional role? These questions - which have long puzzled psychologists, philosophers, and neurobiologists - were recently addressed in a new study. ... > full story
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